• Brunei’s archaeology does not get nearly enough attention.⠀
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For this bonus post, I’m looking at Kota Batu Archaeological Park, the site of Brunei’s old capital. It is not a spectacular ruin in the usual sense — no towering temples, no monumental gateways — but its fragments tell a fascinating story: tombs, ceramics, sandstone pillar bases, river defences, house posts, imported wares, and traces of a working port city.⠀
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Kota Batu shows Brunei not as a quiet corner of Southeast Asian archaeology, but as part of the maritime world that linked Borneo with China, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and beyond.
  • This week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter is about movement, adaptation, and why archaeology is rarely as tidy as we pretend.⠀
⠀
Inside:⠀
🏹 a new review of bow-and-arrow evidence from India to Oceania⠀
🪙 a study of how Roman materials were filtered and remade in Southeast Asia⠀
🌊 new work on maritime links between Angkor and China during the megadrought period⠀
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Also this week: Angkor palace waterworks, the Cẩm An shipwreck, and the reopening of Phimai National Museum.⠀
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Link in bio / https://bit.ly/4dV88wS ⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Angkor #Vietnam #Thailand #Cambodia #AncientTrade #MaritimeArchaeology
  • New this week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: the Plain of Jars, trade beads, burial rituals, Philippine obsidian, coastal watchtowers, public archaeology, and a museum rethink of the galleon trade.⠀
⠀
The lead story is a new paper from Laos, where one huge jar at Site 75 contained the remains of at least 37 people and hints at a long, careful mortuary tradition. From there, the issue moves across the region, with a particularly strong run of stories from the Philippines on exchange networks, local histories, and the stories archaeology tells in public.⠀
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Jars, beads, boats, and the occasional inconvenient fact. https://bit.ly/3RqKWyW ⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Laos #Philippines #Museums #PublicHistory
  • This week: Đồng Dương, ancient Champa, broken bricks, border temples, Buddhist architecture on the move, and a reminder that archaeology is rarely just about the past.⠀
⠀
Link in bio / read here: https://bit.ly/4ePHSpL ⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #DongDuong #Champa #Vietnam #Cambodia #Thailand #Myanmar #Archaeology #Heritage
  • This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: a remarkable burial find in Phetchaburi, an old perahu under review in Kelantan, and the Po Nagar festival in Vietnam as a case of living heritage in action. ⠀
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https://bit.ly/48PAeI5 ⠀
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#archaeology #southeastAsia #southeastasianarchaeology
  • The Ayala Museum’s Gold of Ancestors exhibition showcases over a thousand gold objects, many originating from Butuan and the Surigao Treasure and generally dated to the 10th–13th centuries CE. These pieces demonstrate the Philippines’ participation in extensive regional trade networks and the high level of craftsmanship achieved before Spanish colonisation.

#southeastasianarchaeology #philippines #ayalamuseum #surigao #butuan
  • A quick visit to the National Museum of the Philippines earlier this week, particularly to the National Museum of Anthropology. Here are my 5 highlights.

Have you been to the National Museum in Manila? What are your favourite pieces?

#manila #philippines #nationalmuseum #archaeology #southeastasianarchaeology
  • From Angkor wall repairs and Óc Eo museum plans to Preah Vihear restoration politics and Sulawesi cliff burials, this week’s newsletter rounds up Southeast Asian archaeology with context. Subscribe for the stories behind the headlines.

https://bit.ly/4w8870M
  • 20 years ago I started Southeast Asian Archaeology with a few blog posts.⠀
It somehow turned into a weekly newsletter read around the world.⠀
Reflections, AMA, and what readers want next: ⠀
https://bit.ly/4cNZVKi⠀
  • New finds lead this week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter: possible Khmer temple remains in Mondulkiri and Korat, a prehistoric settlement in Lào Cai dating to around 2000–1500 BCE, and wooden stakes in Hoa Lư that may yet reshape how we think about the Trần-era landscape.⠀
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https://bit.ly/3QomnlM
Friday, June 5, 2026
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Revisiting the Jewel of Muscat

31 January 2012
in Singapore
Tags: donationJewel of MuscatMaritime Experiential Museum and AquariummuseumsSentosa (island)underwater cultural heritageZheng He (person)
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Maritime Experiential Museum

Maritime Experiential Museum

Remember this?

The Jewel of Muscat, donated to Singapore by the Sultanate of Oman. A reconstruction of the Belitung ship.

Yes, it’s the Jewel of Muscat! It is a reconstruction of the Belitung shipwreck built by the Sultanate of Oman and then sailed to Singapore as a gift. I was aboard her when she called at Georgetown in 2010; now it is on permanent display at the Maritime Experiential Museum and Aquarium (MEMA) in Sentosa.

I visited the Maritime Experiential Museum last week on a field trip with the participants from the Nalanda-Sriwijaya Centre Field School. The museum is fairly new, having opened just last year and some of the exhibits (such as the aquarium and some of the reconstructed ships) are not yet ready.

Maritime Experiential Museum
Maritime Experiential Museum
Prof. John Miksic talking to students from the Nalanda-Sriwijaya Centre Field School participants at the Maritime Experiential Museum
Prof. John Miksic talking to students from the Nalanda-Sriwijaya Centre Field School participants at the Maritime Experiential Museum

Outside the museum, one can board several reconstructed ships from the region. The first is the Javanese Jong (which is the root for the word ‘Junk’) while the second might be familiar to Indonesianists – it is a reconstruction of the ship from the relief of the Borobudur. Only these two ships were on display at the moment, but there will eventually be five altogether.

Reconstruction of a Javanese Jong
Reconstruction of a Javanese Jong
The Borobudur, a reconstruction of the famous ship relief found on Borobudur
The Borobudur, a reconstruction of the famous ship relief found on Borobudur

Inside the museum, one is first introduced to Admiral Zheng He and his voyage from China to Africa and back. Along the way, galleries explore the major ports of call along Zheng He’s route, including Malacca, Galle and Muscat.

The lobby of the museum is a mock-up of Zheng He's Bao Chuan, or treasure ship
The lobby of the museum is a mock-up of Zheng He’s Bao Chuan, or treasure ship
The gallery takes one through the major ports Zheng He would have called at on the way to the west, including Malacca, Galle and Muscat.

The Jewel of Muscat is the main focus of the next section of the museum, which incorporates the Typhoon Theatre, a multi-sensory ‘ride’ that takes you on an ill-fated ship on the way to Arabia. Some suspension of belief is required here: while the Jewel is an Arab-style ship, the story portrays the seafarers as Chinese. Who speak with American accents. The movie also has Chinese subtitles.

Jewel of Muscat
The Jewel of Muscat
The Jewel of Muscat
Chinese costumes + American accents + Chinese subtitles + maximum campiness = hilarity.

At the end of the show, one emerges at the basement, into the real ‘meat’ of the museum – a small gallery featuring the underwater archaeology of the Bakau Shipwreck, found in the waters between Sumatra and Borneo, as well as some artefacts from Singapore.

At the end of the Typhoon Theatre, you experience sinking into the depths of the ocean as the Belitung wreck. You emerge at the underwater archaeology gallery, featuring artefacts from the Bakau Shipwreck. Bloop bloop.
At the end of the Typhoon Theatre, you experience sinking into the depths of the ocean as the Belitung wreck. You emerge at the underwater archaeology gallery, featuring artefacts from the Bakau Shipwreck. Bloop bloop.
Artefacts from the Bakau shipwreck, found at the Karimata Strait between Sumatra and Borneo. Dates to the 15th century, around the same time as Zheng He.
Artefacts from the Bakau shipwreck, found at the Karimata Strait between Sumatra and Borneo. Dates to the 15th century, around the same time as Zheng He.
Bronze 15th century Buddha Head, probably from Thailand. Found in Punggol (northeast Singapore)
Bronze 15th century Buddha Head, probably from Thailand. Found in Punggol (northeast Singapore)

I’ll come right out and say it – the MEMA is altogether too Disneylandish. Unsurprising, since it’s located right beside the Universal Studios theme park. The narrative of the museum is pretty jumbled: starting from Zheng He, jumping backwards in time to the Jewel of Muscat, and then forwards in time again to the Bakau shipwreck. You also have to be slightly worried when the gift store area is about the same size as the exhibition space. Even worse, when said gift store contains all the kitch and nothing by way of a single book about shipwrecks or underwater archaeology or any books at all. People expecting a museum store will be sorely disappointed. On the other hand, the actual artefacts are pretty impressive. Just ignore the computer-generated imagery and the re-enacted dramatizations and you might actually learn something.

The Maritime Experiential Museum and Aquarium is part of Resorts World Singapore on Sentosa Island. Visiting information can be found here.

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Comments 1

  1. Paul Is says:
    14 years ago

    cool! Gotta go there!

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