• Extraordinary claims about the past can be exciting. But how do we tell an exciting new hypothesis from pseudoarchaeology?

Recent controversy in Malaysia over claims that ancient Malays taught the Romans shipbuilding provides a useful case study. Rather than piling on the person behind the claims, I think there is a more useful question to ask: how would we actually test an idea like this?

Archaeology gives us some simple tools.

Do the dates work? What is the primary evidence? Does the evidence actually demonstrate the connection being claimed? Are there better explanations? And perhaps most importantly: what evidence would make us reject the hypothesis?

Ancient Southeast Asians really were sophisticated seafarers. Srivijaya really was one of Asia’s great maritime powers. Sungai Batu really does preserve remarkable evidence for early iron production.

None of those achievements needs embellishment to make Southeast Asian archaeology extraordinary.

Swipe through for five questions you can use the next time you encounter an astonishing claim about the ancient past.

🚩 Remember: possibility is not evidence, similarity does not necessarily mean transmission, and extraordinary claims still have to survive ordinary archaeological scrutiny.

Read more about the archaeology behind these claims in this week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsletter.

#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Pseudoarchaeology #Malaysia #MaritimeArchaeology #MediaLiteracy
  • A 4,000-year-old painted stone from Wetar Island may change how we understand the Austronesian story.⠀
⠀
Archaeologists excavating Huknaur 1 in Southeast Indonesia found a painted plaque with a red sun-ray motif linked to the Austronesian Painting Tradition — a wider visual tradition known from eastern Indonesia and nearby islands.⠀
⠀
What makes this find so important is that the plaque appears to be older than the first pottery at the site. That means a shared symbolic tradition may have been present before the full Neolithic package usually associated with Austronesian expansion. This discovery suggests that ideas, symbols, and identity may have travelled ahead of pottery.⠀
⠀
It is a reminder that the spread of people goes beyond tools, crops, or ceramics, and may also have been about belief, belonging, and a shared visual language carried across the sea.⠀
⠀
Swipe through to see why this small object has such big implications.⠀
⠀
Reference:⠀
O’Connor, S., Kealy, S., Kaharudin, H.A.F., et al. (2026). 4000-year-old painted plaque from Southeast Indonesia reveals Austronesian Painting Tradition preceded Neolithic pottery. PNAS 123(34): e2611580123.⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #RockArt #Austronesian #Indonesia #Wetar #SoutheastAsia #IslandSoutheastAsia #AustronesianPaintingTradition
  • Plaques, Ponds and Provenance⠀
⠀
This week’s newsletter begins with a 4,000-year-old painted plaque from Wetar Island — a small object with a big story.⠀
⠀
The plaque carries a red sun-like motif linked to the Austronesian Painting Tradition, and it appears before pottery at the site. That suggests visual symbols and shared ideas may have moved through maritime Southeast Asia before some of the usual archaeological markers we associate with Austronesian expansion.⠀
⠀
Also this week: archaeology beneath Angkor’s Sras Srang, suspected Ban Chiang artefacts offered for return from Switzerland, and more heritage news from across the region.⠀
⠀
Link in bio.
  • How do you make a 3-metre stone stand upright for centuries?

At Hintang in northern Laos, archaeologists are beginning to answer that question.

In 2025, a Lao-Australian team excavated Site 7A — the first excavation at a Hintang standing-stone site in around 90 years. Beneath the surface, they found that the stones had been set deeply into pits, with smaller rocks packed around their bases to stabilise them. Roughly one-third of each standing stone was buried underground.

One big question remains, though — how old are the Hintang stones?

Samples were collected for dating, but those results are still being analysed. So, for now, we understand a little more about how these monuments were built.

📖 Shewan, L., O’Reilly, D., Armstrong, B. & Butphachit, A. (2026). “Surveys of Hintang standing stone sites and excavations at Site 7A, Houaphanh, Lao PDR.” Antiquity.
doi: 10.15184/aqy.2026.10408

#Archaeology #SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Laos #Megaliths #Hintang #AncientTechnology #ArchaeologicalResearch #Heritage #NewResearch
  • Angkor’s water system is famous for its scale: enormous reservoirs, long canals, and monumental engineering.⠀
⠀
New research by archaeologist Sarah Klassen highlights how Angkor’s agricultural system also depended on more than 1,000 local temple communities spread across the Greater Angkor Region. These communities helped organise labour, manage local water systems, and coordinate rice production - and suggests that Angkor’s success was built through a combination of top-down and bottom-up management.⠀
⠀
The state created the large hydraulic framework. Local communities adapted to it, expanded around it, and helped make the wider agricultural landscape function.⠀
⠀
Over time, however, this balance changed. Land and resources became increasingly concentrated, the system became more centralised, and some of the flexibility that had helped Angkor cope with earlier environmental stress may have been lost.⠀
⠀
Beyond its temples and kings, Angkor
  • New Evidence from the Southeast Asian Borderlands⠀
⠀
This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: new dates, new methods, and some wonderfully untidy timelines.⠀
⠀
🪨 Uranium-thorium dating pushes the Mangguan rock paintings in Yunnan back to at least 4,220 years ago⠀
 🥁 AI-assisted restoration takes on damaged imagery on Guangxi bronze drums⠀
 🌾 New work at Angkor asks how infrastructure, local communities and water management shaped resilience⠀
 🗿 Lao-Australian fieldwork maps and excavates the enigmatic Hintang standing stones⠀
⠀
Plus archaeology and heritage news from across Southeast Asia, new research, opportunities, and more.⠀
⠀
I’ve also started experimenting with short visual explainers of new archaeology papers here on Instagram — so follow along if you like your archaeology with fewer footnotes and more pixels.⠀
⠀
Read the latest SEAArch newsletter via the link in bio.⠀
⠀
#Archaeology #SoutheastAsianArchaeology #SoutheastAsia #RockArt #Angkor #Laos #Yunnan #Heritage #ArchaeologicalResearch #DigitalHeritage
  • This week on Southeast Asian Archaeology: fish traps, tidal flats and maritime memory.⠀
⠀
The main story looks at tambek, stone tidal fish weirs on Bawean Island in Indonesia. A new study records 54 of these structures and shows how they reflect local knowledge of tides, fish behaviour, construction, ownership and coastal life.⠀
⠀
Also in the highlights:⠀
⠀
Bronze and Iron Age layers beneath Korat’s historic city wall⠀
Nguyễn-era military posts at Hải Vân Pass⠀
A reminder that coastal archaeology is not always shipwrecks and trade ceramics⠀
Sometimes the quieter story is sitting in the tidal flats, waiting for the water to go out.⠀
⠀
Read the full issue: https://bit.ly/4wkInNI ⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Indonesia #Bawean #MaritimeHeritage #CulturalHeritage #Thailand #Vietnam #HeritageConservation #IslandArchaeology
  • How do you catch fish without a net, hook or boat?⠀
⠀
On Bawean Island in Indonesia’s Java Sea, coastal communities developed tambek: stone walls built across the intertidal zone that use the movement of the tides to trap fish.⠀
⠀
A new study by Dwi Kurnia Sandy and colleagues documents these remarkable structures through archaeological survey, drone photography, interviews, historical sources and mapping. The researchers recorded different forms of tambek, from relatively simple U-shaped structures to more elaborate V-shaped systems directing fish into enclosed spaces. Their locations were carefully chosen around productive coastal environments, particularly extensive intertidal zones and mangroves.⠀
⠀
But tambek were more than fishing equipment. They were also part of Bawean’s social landscape. Individual structures could belong to particular families, with ownership remembered and passed down across generations. Tambek could even be traded, while customary rules governed who could fish around them at different stages of the tide.⠀
⠀
Today, new tambek are no longer being built and many surviving structures are little used or abandoned. The researchers link their decline to modern fishing technologies, damage to reefs and mangroves, and the gradual loss of knowledge about how the structures were used and maintained. Some have even been dismantled, with their stones reused for coastal infrastructure.⠀
⠀
The study highlights how archaeology can document not only things from the distant past, but also traditional technologies and knowledge systems that are disappearing within living memory.⠀
⠀
📖 Sandy, D. K., et al. 2026. “Tambek as Traditional Fish Trapping Techniques: The Role of Stone Tidal Fish Weirs in Bawean Island Indonesia’s Maritime Culture.” Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology.⠀
 DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2026.2703955⠀
⠀
#Archaeology #SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Indonesia #Bawean #MaritimeArchaeology #UnderwaterArchaeology #FishingHeritage #MaritimeHeritage #TraditionalKnowledge
  • Tiger bones. Blood-bound pigments. Temple walls. Digital museums.⠀
⠀
This week’s newsletter leads with two fascinating studies: evidence for Ice Age tigers living on Palawan, and research into blood-bearing mineral binders used in the Huashan rock art of southern China.⠀
⠀
Also inside: UNESCO decisions, Angkor conservation, Chăm heritage digitisation and the archaeology of wartime railways.⠀
⠀
Read Blood, Big Cats and Buffer Zones at the link in bio.⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #RockArt #Palawan #CulturalHeritage #MuseumStudies #AsianArchaeology
  • New issue out now — and it’s a bumper one.⠀
⠀
This week:⠀
Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan becomes Thailand’s newest World Heritage Site; Fort Cornwallis and the Penang State Museum reopen with fresh questions about how colonial and local histories are told; and at Don Yai Thong, archaeologists continue the careful work of lifting fragile burials, gold ornaments and all.⠀
⠀
Also featuring Muna rock art, Angkor conservation, Butuan boats, Cham exhibitions, Bagan finds, and archaeology’s awkward cameo in South China Sea claims.⠀
⠀
Read via the link in bio.⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #WorldHeritage #Museum #CulturalHeritage #Thailand #Malaysia #Penang #Indonesia #Cambodia #Vietnam
Thursday, August 27, 2026
Southeast Asian Archaeology
  • News
  • Resources
  • Countries
    • Southeast Asia
    • Mainland Southeast Asia
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Malaysia
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Island Southeast Asia
      • Brunei
      • Indonesia
      • Malaysia
      • Philippines
      • Singapore
      • Timor Leste
    • Peripheral Southeast Asia
  • Topics
    • Artifact Type
      • Architecture
      • Bones and Burials
      • Ceramics
      • Intangible Cultural Heritage
      • Lithics
      • Megaliths
      • Rock Art
      • Sculpture
    • Field
      • Anthropology
      • Bioarchaeology
      • Epigraphy
      • General Archaeology
      • Metallurgy and Metalworking
      • Paleontology
      • Underwater Archaeology
      • Visual Art
      • Zooarchaeology
    • Other Themes
      • Animism
      • Buddhism
      • Christianity
      • Disaster Risk Management
      • Hinduism
      • Islam
      • Archaeological Tourism in Southeast Asia
  • Visit
    • Virtual Archaeology
    • Unesco World Heritage
  • Jobs
  • Subscribe
  • About
    • About
    • Supporters
    • Terms of Use
    • Privacy Policy
    • Contact
No Result
View All Result
Southeast Asian Archaeology
  • News
  • Resources
  • Countries
    • Southeast Asia
    • Mainland Southeast Asia
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Malaysia
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Island Southeast Asia
      • Brunei
      • Indonesia
      • Malaysia
      • Philippines
      • Singapore
      • Timor Leste
    • Peripheral Southeast Asia
  • Topics
    • Artifact Type
      • Architecture
      • Bones and Burials
      • Ceramics
      • Intangible Cultural Heritage
      • Lithics
      • Megaliths
      • Rock Art
      • Sculpture
    • Field
      • Anthropology
      • Bioarchaeology
      • Epigraphy
      • General Archaeology
      • Metallurgy and Metalworking
      • Paleontology
      • Underwater Archaeology
      • Visual Art
      • Zooarchaeology
    • Other Themes
      • Animism
      • Buddhism
      • Christianity
      • Disaster Risk Management
      • Hinduism
      • Islam
      • Archaeological Tourism in Southeast Asia
  • Visit
    • Virtual Archaeology
    • Unesco World Heritage
  • Jobs
  • Subscribe
  • About
    • About
    • Supporters
    • Terms of Use
    • Privacy Policy
    • Contact
No Result
View All Result
Southeast Asian Archaeology
No Result
View All Result
ADVERTISEMENT

Related Posts

[Paper] Investigating the Risk of Violence During the Neolithic to the Late Iron Age in Northeast Thailand (c. 1400 B.C. – A.D. 800)

31 July 2024
0
60

...

Source: Pattaya Mail 20240729

Thai King and Queen Inaugurate Royal Textile Exhibition

30 July 2024
0
50

...

Source: Malay Mail 20240728

Vandalism at Johor Royal Museum Leads to Deportation of Singaporean

29 July 2024
0
28

...

The Great Cave of Niah in Sarawak

Malaysia’s Niah Caves Added to World Heritage List

28 July 2024 - Updated on 31 July 2024
0
78

...

Popular This Week

  • Southeast Asian Archaeology memes that will tickle your funny bone and also make you ponder

    Southeast Asian Archaeology memes that will tickle your funny bone and also make you ponder

    68 shares
    Share 68 Tweet 0
  • The most influential books on Southeast Asian Archaeology (a crowdsourced list)

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Southeast Asian Archaeology from a Rock Art Perspective (with annotations)

    0 shares
    Share 0 Tweet 0
  • Negritos or Malays: Who are the original inhabitants of the Philippines?

    2 shares
    Share 2 Tweet 0
  • Rebutting the myth that Malays have the second oldest genes in the world

    25 shares
    Share 25 Tweet 0
Buy me a coffeeBuy me a coffee

If you found this site useful, you can help support it by buying me a coffee!

Perak Man is Back in Town

27 July 2006
in Malaysia
Tags: BonesexhibitionsGua Gunung Runtuh (site)Homo sapiensKuala Lumpur (city)Lenggong Valley (site)Liz Price (person)museumsNational Museum of Malaysia (Muzium Negara)PalaeolithicPerak (state)Perak Manprehistoryreviewshells
3
SHARES
714
VIEWS

Guest blogger LIZ PRICE from cavesofmalaysia kindly gives us her review of the Perak Man exhibition now on at the Muzium Negara in Kuala Lumpur.

Perak Man Exhibition at Muzium Negara. Pix by Liz Price.

Perak Man is Back in Town

Malaysia’s oldest inhabitant, Perak Man is back in KL. There is a special exhibition dedicated to him at Muzium Negara as part of the “Festival Kuala Lumpur 2006″. Perak Man is an 11,000 year old human skeleton which was found in Gua Gunung Runtuh in Lenggong, Perak in May 1990. It is the only complete late Paleolithic skeleton to have been found and is an important piece of Malaysia’s prehistory.

The month long exhibition is designed to be informative in an entertaining way and it certainly works. As you enter the building which is constructed to represent the mouth of the Gua Gunung Runtuh, you are greeted by an animated talking skeleton.

Walking around takes you through a dark passage past a series of exhibits and tableaux depicting scenes from 10,000 years ago. The first one shows Perak Man on his death bed, surrounded by friends or relatives. Research shows he died from a severe tooth infection. At first I was a bit amused to see the skeletons move, and some had flashing red eyes. It’s great for the kids though.

Perak Man Exhibition at Muzium Negara. Pix by Liz Price.

Perak Man suffered from a rare congenital deformity but living amongst a close knit community meant he had people to care for him when he could no longer hunt or look after himself. Although he was only in his 40’s when he died, that was probably a good age for that era.

Perak Man has been dated at 10-11,000 years old. However evidence of human activity in the Lenggong Valley has been revealed dating back more than 100,000 years. This area could well have been the capital of Malaysia in those days.

The next scene shows the burial rites. It is suggested that Perak Man was an important member of his tribe as his burial was performed ceremonially. He was buried in a fetal position, with legs folded up to the chest, the right hand bent up towards the shoulder and the left hand on the abdomen. The body was placed in a 1 metre deep shallow grave running east to west, and perpendicular to the cave entrance.

Perak Man Exhibition at Muzium Negara. Pix by Liz Price.

For the researchers from Universiti Sains Malaysia, led by Prof. Dato Zuraina Majid, it was a dream come true that the Paleolithic burial was done so meticulously and was so well preserved. The skeleton was almost complete, except for some missing bones such as toes, ribs and parts of the face. Offerings of food such as meat and riverine shells were with the body, as well as 10 different types of tools. The tools could have been Perak Man’s own collection. As a final touch, 2878 shells were placed on and around the body.

There is a slide show in Bahasa Malaysia giving a brief outline of the discovery and showing the types of food eaten in those days. Perak Man and his relatives lived by subsistence activities, which means they were hunter gatherers. They hunted wild animals like wild boar, deer, mousedeer, leopard, monkeys, iguanas and tortoise. To supplement the meat diet they gathered plants and riverine shells for food and medicine. They used stone tools for their daily activities. Pebble tools were used for heavy duty work such as chopping trees, splitting bones and snipping the tips off shells. Flake tools were used to cut and scrape meat, and to sharpen wood and bone to make new tools. There is a display of stone tools and models of how they were used.

Further along is a selection of push button displays, but unfortunately the buttons were not working. The next section is devoted to research. There was analysis on the faunal remains, which gives some information on the animals eaten, the hunting skills, as well as the climate and environment. The bones and teeth were also studied. Perak Man went to Japan from 7 September to 24 November 1996. A display case houses a replica of Perak Man’s skeleton, the original is housed at the Lenggong Museum.

As you turn the corner you are invited to insert a card into a slot. Nothing happened then there was a rumbling sound and suddenly a motorbike driven by 2 modern skeletons drives towards you, with a background scene of modern KL. I’ve never seen so many mechanical talking skeletons outside of a fairground!

Perak Man Exhibition at the Muzium Negara. Pix by Liz Price

The last section houses half a dozen computers on which you can answer 20 questions relating to Perak man. The computers, as well all the film clips are only in Bahasa Malaysia, so the exhibition seems to be designed more for locals than for foreigners. Finally there is a feature on a new book “Perak Man and Other Prehistoric Skeletons of Malaysia”, edited by Zuraina Majid. The book is available for sale.

This exhibition is great for anyone interested in Malaysia’s prehistory and is guaranteed to grab the attention of kids with the animated skeletons and detailed tableaux. It is due to finish on 31st July but almost certainly will be extended until at least August 16th.

pictures and text by Liz Price
The exhibition is housed in Muzium Negara annexe.
Opening hours daily 9 am – 6 pm.
Admission is free
Car park is RM2

Related Books:
– Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago by P. Bellwood
– Southeast Asia: From Prehistory to History by P. S. Bellwood and I. Glover (Eds)

Subscribe to the weekly Southeast Asian Archaeology news digest

Latest Books

The following are affiliate links for which I may earn a commission if you click and make a purchase. Click here for more books about Malaysian archaeology.
Sale Malay Silver and Gold: Courtly Splendour from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and Thailand
Malay Silver and Gold: Courtly Splendour from...
Amazon Prime
$38.54
Buy on Amazon
Sale Selected Topics on Archaeology, History and Culture in the Malay World
Selected Topics on Archaeology, History and...
Amazon Prime
$117.23
Buy on Amazon
Malay Seals from the Islamic World of Southeast Asia
Malay Seals from the Islamic World of Southeast...
Amazon Prime
$150.00
Buy on Amazon
Traces of the Ramayana and Mahabharata in Javanese and Malay Literature
Traces of the Ramayana and Mahabharata in Javanese...
Amazon Prime
$30.00
Buy on Amazon
The archaeology of the Niah Caves, Sarawak: Volume II
The archaeology of the Niah Caves, Sarawak: Volume...
Amazon Prime
$94.00
Buy on Amazon

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

I agree to the Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy.

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Southeast Asian Archaeology

© 2019

Navigate Site

  • News
  • Resources
  • Countries
  • Topics
  • Visit
  • Jobs
  • Subscribe
  • About

Follow

Never Miss a Discovery
Subscribe for Exclusive Southeast Asian Archaeology News!

Stay connected with the latest breakthroughs, research, and events from across Southeast Asia’s archaeology scene. Sign up today for exclusive weekly updates, trusted by over 2,000 subscribers.

×
No Result
View All Result
  • News
  • Resources
  • Countries
    • Southeast Asia
    • Mainland Southeast Asia
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Malaysia
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Island Southeast Asia
      • Brunei
      • Indonesia
      • Malaysia
      • Philippines
      • Singapore
      • Timor Leste
    • Peripheral Southeast Asia
  • Topics
    • Artifact Type
      • Architecture
      • Bones and Burials
      • Ceramics
      • Intangible Cultural Heritage
      • Lithics
      • Megaliths
      • Rock Art
      • Sculpture
    • Field
      • Anthropology
      • Bioarchaeology
      • Epigraphy
      • General Archaeology
      • Metallurgy and Metalworking
      • Paleontology
      • Underwater Archaeology
      • Visual Art
      • Zooarchaeology
    • Other Themes
      • Animism
      • Buddhism
      • Christianity
      • Disaster Risk Management
      • Hinduism
      • Islam
      • Archaeological Tourism in Southeast Asia
  • Visit
    • Virtual Archaeology
    • Unesco World Heritage
  • Jobs
  • Subscribe
  • About
    • About
    • Supporters
    • Terms of Use
    • Privacy Policy
    • Contact

© 2019

This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.