• This week on Southeast Asian Archaeology: fish traps, tidal flats and maritime memory.⠀
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The main story looks at tambek, stone tidal fish weirs on Bawean Island in Indonesia. A new study records 54 of these structures and shows how they reflect local knowledge of tides, fish behaviour, construction, ownership and coastal life.⠀
⠀
Also in the highlights:⠀
⠀
Bronze and Iron Age layers beneath Korat’s historic city wall⠀
Nguyễn-era military posts at Hải Vân Pass⠀
A reminder that coastal archaeology is not always shipwrecks and trade ceramics⠀
Sometimes the quieter story is sitting in the tidal flats, waiting for the water to go out.⠀
⠀
Read the full issue: https://bit.ly/4wkInNI ⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Indonesia #Bawean #MaritimeHeritage #CulturalHeritage #Thailand #Vietnam #HeritageConservation #IslandArchaeology
  • How do you catch fish without a net, hook or boat?⠀
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On Bawean Island in Indonesia’s Java Sea, coastal communities developed tambek: stone walls built across the intertidal zone that use the movement of the tides to trap fish.⠀
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A new study by Dwi Kurnia Sandy and colleagues documents these remarkable structures through archaeological survey, drone photography, interviews, historical sources and mapping. The researchers recorded different forms of tambek, from relatively simple U-shaped structures to more elaborate V-shaped systems directing fish into enclosed spaces. Their locations were carefully chosen around productive coastal environments, particularly extensive intertidal zones and mangroves.⠀
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But tambek were more than fishing equipment. They were also part of Bawean’s social landscape. Individual structures could belong to particular families, with ownership remembered and passed down across generations. Tambek could even be traded, while customary rules governed who could fish around them at different stages of the tide.⠀
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Today, new tambek are no longer being built and many surviving structures are little used or abandoned. The researchers link their decline to modern fishing technologies, damage to reefs and mangroves, and the gradual loss of knowledge about how the structures were used and maintained. Some have even been dismantled, with their stones reused for coastal infrastructure.⠀
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The study highlights how archaeology can document not only things from the distant past, but also traditional technologies and knowledge systems that are disappearing within living memory.⠀
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📖 Sandy, D. K., et al. 2026. “Tambek as Traditional Fish Trapping Techniques: The Role of Stone Tidal Fish Weirs in Bawean Island Indonesia’s Maritime Culture.” Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology.⠀
 DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2026.2703955⠀
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#Archaeology #SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Indonesia #Bawean #MaritimeArchaeology #UnderwaterArchaeology #FishingHeritage #MaritimeHeritage #TraditionalKnowledge
  • Tiger bones. Blood-bound pigments. Temple walls. Digital museums.⠀
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This week’s newsletter leads with two fascinating studies: evidence for Ice Age tigers living on Palawan, and research into blood-bearing mineral binders used in the Huashan rock art of southern China.⠀
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Also inside: UNESCO decisions, Angkor conservation, Chăm heritage digitisation and the archaeology of wartime railways.⠀
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Read Blood, Big Cats and Buffer Zones at the link in bio.⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #RockArt #Palawan #CulturalHeritage #MuseumStudies #AsianArchaeology
  • New issue out now — and it’s a bumper one.⠀
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This week:⠀
Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan becomes Thailand’s newest World Heritage Site; Fort Cornwallis and the Penang State Museum reopen with fresh questions about how colonial and local histories are told; and at Don Yai Thong, archaeologists continue the careful work of lifting fragile burials, gold ornaments and all.⠀
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Also featuring Muna rock art, Angkor conservation, Butuan boats, Cham exhibitions, Bagan finds, and archaeology’s awkward cameo in South China Sea claims.⠀
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Read via the link in bio.⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #WorldHeritage #Museum #CulturalHeritage #Thailand #Malaysia #Penang #Indonesia #Cambodia #Vietnam
  • This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: Prambanan gets some renewed attention, Phimai Black pottery surfaces at Mun Bon Dam, and I’m taking a short break next week.⠀
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The featured stories look at the new Indonesia–India conservation project at Prambanan, focusing on the temple complex’s ruined perwara shrines, and a striking Late Prehistoric find in northeast Thailand: a remarkably complete Phimai Black vessel discovered as water levels fell at Mun Bon Dam.⠀
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Temples, pottery, reservoirs, and a little scheduled rest. Back again on 27 July.⠀
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Read this week’s newsletter: [link in bio]⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Prambanan #Thailand #Indonesia #Cambodia #Vietnam #CulturalHeritage #Substack
  • Gold rings, bronze drums, ancient burials, and better ethics in bioarchaeology — this week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter is a two-week catch-up edition.⠀
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The lead story comes from Don Yai Thong in Phetchaburi, Thailand, where excavations have revealed gold ornaments, bronze drums, burials, beads, pottery and more. One newly reported gold signet ring bears Brahmi script, raising interesting questions about status, ritual and long-distance connections in the region.⠀
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Also featured: a new paper on ethical collaboration when working with human remains in Southeast Asia — a timely reminder that care, respect, training, authorship and local authority are all part of good archaeological practice.⠀
⠀
Read the latest issue through the link in bio.
  • Cobbles, Caves and Committees 🪨⛰️📜⠀
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This week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter moves from UNESCO heritage diplomacy to synchrotron science in Malaysia’s Nenggiri Valley, and then back into deep time with Early Palaeolithic cobble tools from Cambodia’s Mekong terraces.⠀
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Cover image: Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat — because temple towers do improve most things.⠀
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Read the latest issue at the link in bio.⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Cambodia #Malaysia #UNESCO #WatPhraMahathat #NakhonSiThammarat #CulturalHeritage
  • This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: broken pots, painted hands, and returning relics.⠀
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The main story is a new paper on Angkorian ceramics from Thala Borivat and Sambor, showing how Angkor’s eastern Mekong provinces were connected through roads, rivers, rapids and local choices — not one neat supply chain.⠀
⠀
Also featured: Tham Pha Mue in Laos opens to visitors, a site I studied and helped document; Cambodia welcomes the return of three sculptures from the US; plus updates from Bujang Valley, Mỹ Sơn and Bagan.⠀
⠀
Read this week’s issue: https://bit.ly/3QjsdVO ⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Angkor #Cambodia #Laos #RockArt #Archaeology #Heritage #Mekong
  • Boats, pots, and prehistoric know-how this week at Southeast Asian Archaeology.⠀
⠀
In the new newsletter:⠀
🛶 outrigger boat motifs in Sulawesi rock art⠀
🏺 new perspectives on pottery in Timor-Leste⠀
👑 the restored Nguyen Dynasty throne⠀
🎟️ falling ticket sales at Angkor⠀
⚖️ a new book on archaeology and Philippine law⠀
⠀
#Archaeology #SoutheastAsia #Heritage #RockArt #TimorLeste #Indonesia
  • Brunei’s archaeology does not get nearly enough attention.⠀
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For this bonus post, I’m looking at Kota Batu Archaeological Park, the site of Brunei’s old capital. It is not a spectacular ruin in the usual sense — no towering temples, no monumental gateways — but its fragments tell a fascinating story: tombs, ceramics, sandstone pillar bases, river defences, house posts, imported wares, and traces of a working port city.⠀
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Kota Batu shows Brunei not as a quiet corner of Southeast Asian archaeology, but as part of the maritime world that linked Borneo with China, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and beyond.
Sunday, August 16, 2026
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'Warrior Women' unearthed in Cambodia

15 November 2007
in Cambodia
Tags: bioarchaeologyBonesbronzeburialfishingInternational Research Center for Japanese StudiesPhum Snay (site)swordweaponry
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'Warrior Women' unearthed in Cambodia

15 November 2007 (Yahoo News) – An excavation at Phum Snay reveals 35 skeletons, five of which are women who were buried with swords and possibly helmets. Evidence of woman warriors? This find is certainly unusual indeed, but it’s probably too early to get excited about the prospect of some amazonian society. It’ll be interesting to see if the skeletal remains reveal any telltale signs of battle-related injuries, particularly of cuts to the bone around the arm areas. The story doesn’t give any approximate date for the burials, but it looks like a pre-Angkorian find.

Women warriors may have battled in ancient Cambodia

Archaeologists have found female skeletons buried with metal swords in Cambodian ruins, indicating there may have been a civilisation with female warriors, the mission head said Thursday.

The team dug up 35 human skeletons at five locations in Phum Snay in northwestern Cambodia in research earlier this year, said Japanese researcher Yoshinori Yasuda, who led the team.


“Five of them were perfect skeletons and we have confirmed all of them were those of females,” Yasuda told AFP. The skeletons were believed to date back to the first to fifth century AD.

The five were found buried together with steel or bronze swords, and helmet-shaped objects, said Yasuda, who is from the government-backed International Research Center for Japanese Studies.

“It is very rare that swords are found with women. This suggests it was a realm where female warriors were playing an active role,” he said.

“Women traditionally played the central role in the rice-farming and fishing societies,” he said. “It’s originally a European concept that women are weak and therefore should be protected.”

“The five skeletons were well preserved because they had been buried in important spots at the tombs,” he said.

It was the first time that large-scale research was conducted on the Phum Snay relics, which were found in 1999.

It is believed there was a civilisation inhabited with several thousand rice-farming people between the first to fifth century.

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