• This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: Prambanan gets some renewed attention, Phimai Black pottery surfaces at Mun Bon Dam, and I’m taking a short break next week.⠀
⠀
The featured stories look at the new Indonesia–India conservation project at Prambanan, focusing on the temple complex’s ruined perwara shrines, and a striking Late Prehistoric find in northeast Thailand: a remarkably complete Phimai Black vessel discovered as water levels fell at Mun Bon Dam.⠀
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Temples, pottery, reservoirs, and a little scheduled rest. Back again on 27 July.⠀
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Read this week’s newsletter: [link in bio]⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Prambanan #Thailand #Indonesia #Cambodia #Vietnam #CulturalHeritage #Substack
  • Gold rings, bronze drums, ancient burials, and better ethics in bioarchaeology — this week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter is a two-week catch-up edition.⠀
⠀
The lead story comes from Don Yai Thong in Phetchaburi, Thailand, where excavations have revealed gold ornaments, bronze drums, burials, beads, pottery and more. One newly reported gold signet ring bears Brahmi script, raising interesting questions about status, ritual and long-distance connections in the region.⠀
⠀
Also featured: a new paper on ethical collaboration when working with human remains in Southeast Asia — a timely reminder that care, respect, training, authorship and local authority are all part of good archaeological practice.⠀
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Read the latest issue through the link in bio.
  • Cobbles, Caves and Committees 🪨⛰️📜⠀
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This week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter moves from UNESCO heritage diplomacy to synchrotron science in Malaysia’s Nenggiri Valley, and then back into deep time with Early Palaeolithic cobble tools from Cambodia’s Mekong terraces.⠀
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Cover image: Wat Phra Mahathat, Nakhon Si Thammarat — because temple towers do improve most things.⠀
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Read the latest issue at the link in bio.⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Cambodia #Malaysia #UNESCO #WatPhraMahathat #NakhonSiThammarat #CulturalHeritage
  • This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: broken pots, painted hands, and returning relics.⠀
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The main story is a new paper on Angkorian ceramics from Thala Borivat and Sambor, showing how Angkor’s eastern Mekong provinces were connected through roads, rivers, rapids and local choices — not one neat supply chain.⠀
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Also featured: Tham Pha Mue in Laos opens to visitors, a site I studied and helped document; Cambodia welcomes the return of three sculptures from the US; plus updates from Bujang Valley, Mỹ Sơn and Bagan.⠀
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Read this week’s issue: https://bit.ly/3QjsdVO ⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Angkor #Cambodia #Laos #RockArt #Archaeology #Heritage #Mekong
  • Boats, pots, and prehistoric know-how this week at Southeast Asian Archaeology.⠀
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In the new newsletter:⠀
🛶 outrigger boat motifs in Sulawesi rock art⠀
🏺 new perspectives on pottery in Timor-Leste⠀
👑 the restored Nguyen Dynasty throne⠀
🎟️ falling ticket sales at Angkor⠀
⚖️ a new book on archaeology and Philippine law⠀
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#Archaeology #SoutheastAsia #Heritage #RockArt #TimorLeste #Indonesia
  • Brunei’s archaeology does not get nearly enough attention.⠀
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For this bonus post, I’m looking at Kota Batu Archaeological Park, the site of Brunei’s old capital. It is not a spectacular ruin in the usual sense — no towering temples, no monumental gateways — but its fragments tell a fascinating story: tombs, ceramics, sandstone pillar bases, river defences, house posts, imported wares, and traces of a working port city.⠀
⠀
Kota Batu shows Brunei not as a quiet corner of Southeast Asian archaeology, but as part of the maritime world that linked Borneo with China, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and beyond.
  • This week’s Southeast Asian Archaeology newsletter is about movement, adaptation, and why archaeology is rarely as tidy as we pretend.⠀
⠀
Inside:⠀
🏹 a new review of bow-and-arrow evidence from India to Oceania⠀
🪙 a study of how Roman materials were filtered and remade in Southeast Asia⠀
🌊 new work on maritime links between Angkor and China during the megadrought period⠀
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Also this week: Angkor palace waterworks, the Cẩm An shipwreck, and the reopening of Phimai National Museum.⠀
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Link in bio / https://bit.ly/4dV88wS ⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Angkor #Vietnam #Thailand #Cambodia #AncientTrade #MaritimeArchaeology
  • New this week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: the Plain of Jars, trade beads, burial rituals, Philippine obsidian, coastal watchtowers, public archaeology, and a museum rethink of the galleon trade.⠀
⠀
The lead story is a new paper from Laos, where one huge jar at Site 75 contained the remains of at least 37 people and hints at a long, careful mortuary tradition. From there, the issue moves across the region, with a particularly strong run of stories from the Philippines on exchange networks, local histories, and the stories archaeology tells in public.⠀
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Jars, beads, boats, and the occasional inconvenient fact. https://bit.ly/3RqKWyW ⠀
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#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #Archaeology #Heritage #Laos #Philippines #Museums #PublicHistory
  • This week: Đồng Dương, ancient Champa, broken bricks, border temples, Buddhist architecture on the move, and a reminder that archaeology is rarely just about the past.⠀
⠀
Link in bio / read here: https://bit.ly/4ePHSpL ⠀
⠀
#SoutheastAsianArchaeology #DongDuong #Champa #Vietnam #Cambodia #Thailand #Myanmar #Archaeology #Heritage
  • This week in Southeast Asian Archaeology: a remarkable burial find in Phetchaburi, an old perahu under review in Kelantan, and the Po Nagar festival in Vietnam as a case of living heritage in action. ⠀
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https://bit.ly/48PAeI5 ⠀
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#archaeology #southeastAsia #southeastasianarchaeology
Wednesday, July 22, 2026
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[Paper] A standardised classification scheme for the Mid-Holocene Toalean artefacts of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

31 May 2021
in Indonesia
Tags: lithicsPLOS One (journal)research papersSouth Sulawesi (province)Sulawesi (island)Toalean (culture)
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Source: Perston et al. 20210526

Source: Perston et al. 20210526

via PLoS One, 26 May 2021: A paper by Perston et al. providing a complete technological description of the Maros points from Sulawesi. There is an abtsract in Bahasa Indonesia in the supplementary material which I have included here.

The archaeology of Sulawesi is important for developing an understanding of human dispersal and occupation of central Island Southeast Asia. Through over a century of archaeological work, multiple human populations in the southwestern region of Sulawesi have been identified, the most well-documented being that of the Mid- to Late Holocene ‘Toalean’ technological period. Archaeological models for this period describe a population with a strong cultural identity, subdivided into groups living on the coastal plains around Maros as well as dispersed upland forest dwellers, hunting endemic wildlife with bow-and-arrow technology. It has been proposed that the Toaleans were capable of vast water-crossings, with possible cultural exchange with northern Australia, Java, and Japan. This Toalean paradigm is built almost exclusively on existing interpretations of distinctive Toalean stone and bone artefact technologies, constructed on out-dated 19th and 20th century theory. Moreover, current definitions of Toalean artefact types are inconsistently applied and unsystematic, and the manufacturing sequence has historically been poorly understood. To address these problems in existing artefact models and typologies, we present a clarified typology of the Toalean artefacts of South Sulawesi, and describe the technical aspects of artefact production. This typology provides a tool for standardising research and will facilitate more meaningful assessments of material culture repertoires and more reliable assessment of spatial and temporal changes for the region.

Arkeologi Sulawesi penting untuk mengembangkan pemahaman mengenai persebaran manusia dan hunian di tengah-tengah pulau Asia Tenggara. Setelah lebih dari satu abad pekerjaan arkeologi, berbagai gelombang pendudukan manusia di wilayah barat daya Sulawesi telah diidentifikasi, yang paling terdokumentasi dengan baik adalah dari periode teknologi ‘Toalean’ Holosen Tengah hingga Akhir. Model arkeologi untuk periode ini menggambarkan populasi dengan identitas budaya yang kuat, terbagi menjadi kelompok yang berkembang di bagian pesisir sekitar Maros-Pangkep serta penghuni hutan dataran tinggi yang tersebar dan berburu satwa liar endemik dengan teknologi busur-panah. Diusulkan bahwa Toalean mampu menyeberangi air, dan bahkan melakukan pertukaran budaya dengan Australia utara, Jawa, dan Jepang. Gambaran ini secara eksklusif bergantung pada pemahaman terkini tentang teknologi khas batu Toalean dan artefak tulang, tetapi model ini pada gilirannya dan didasarkan pada filosofi abad ke-19 dan ke-20 yang sudah ketinggalan zaman. Definisi tipe artefak Toaean diterapkan secara tidak konsisten dan tidak sistematis, dan urutan pembuatannya secara historis kurang dipahami. Untuk mengatasi masalah pada sumber daya fundamental ini, makalah ini menyajikan tipologi yang diperjelas dari artefak-artefak Toalean di Sulawesi Selatan, dan menjelaskan aspek teknis produksi artefaknya. Tipologi ini menyediakan alat untuk menstandarisasi penelitian dan akan menfasilitasi penilaian yang lebih bermakna dari himpunan budaya material dan penilaian perubahan spasial dan temporal yang lebih dapat diandalkan.

Source: A standardised classification scheme for the Mid-Holocene Toalean artefacts of South Sulawesi, Indonesia

See also:

  • Tiny tools point to specialist skills of ancient Indonesians | Griffith News, 27 May 2021
  • Indonesian Hunter-Gatherers Were Making Tiny Point Tools Thousands of Years Ago | Sci News, 26 May 2021

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